Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi

Muslim scholar Abd al-Rahman ibn Ali ibn Muhammad
Title	Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi
Born	508 AH
Died	597 AH (1201)[1]
Ethnicity	Arab
Maddhab	Hanbali[2]
Main interests	History, Tafsir, Hadith and Fiqh
Works	A Great Collection of Fabricated Traditions
Influenced	Abd al-Ghani al-Maqdisi, d 600 AH[2] Sibt ibn al-Jawzi, d 654 AH[1] Ibn Qudama al-Maqdisi[2] Diya al-Din al-Maqdisi[3]

Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi (508 AH-597 AH) from Bagdad was an Islamic scholar whose family traces their lineage back to that of Abu Bakr, the famous companion of the prophet Muhammad and first caliph. He belonged to the Hanbali school of jurisprudential thought.

Contents 1 Etymology 2 Biography 3 Theology 3.1 God is neither inside nor outside of the Universe 4 Works 4.1 Quranic Sciences 4.2 Theology 4.3 Traditions and Asceticism 4.4 History 4.5 Fiqh 4.6 Art of Preaching (wa’dh) 4.7 Various sciences 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 External links

Etymology

His full name was Abd al-Rahman ibn Ali ibn Muhammad (Arabic: عبد الرحمن بن علي بن محمد‎) ibn `Ubayd Allah ibn `Abd Allah ibn Hammadi ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ja`far ibn `Abd Allah ibn al-Qasim ibn al-Nadr ibn al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn `Abd Allah ibn al-Faqih `Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Faqih al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr.

Biography

He was known for his works in exegesis of the Qur'an as well as his numerous hadith writings. One of the more famous of the latter is his "Tahqiq", a compendium of both the hadith evidences used by the Hanbali school of jurisprudential thought and a work of compartive law (Arabic: فقه Fiqh). He is said to have been a precocious child who allegedly made his first speech at the age of ten (attended by a crowd of 50,000), and authored his first book at the age of thirteen.^[4]

Theology

Ibn al-Jawzi is famous for the theological stance that he took against other Hanbalites of the time, in particular Ibn al-Zaghuni and al-Qadi Abu Ya'la. He believed that these and other Hanbalites had gone to extremes in affirming God's Attributes, so much so that he accused them of tarnishing the reputation of Hanbalites and making it synonymous with extreme anthropomorphism. Ibn al-Jawzi believed that Imam Ahmad b. Hanbal himself disapproved of such theology. Ibn al-Jawzi's most famous work in this regard is his Daff' Shubah al-Tashbih (also incorrectly printed under the title al-Baz al-Ashhab al-Munqaddu ala Mukhalifi al-Madhhab; note that the relationship of the recently printed Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat of Merlin Swartz to this work is still a question of debate). There is a recent translation of this work under the title of "Attributes of God" published by Amal Press.

God is neither inside nor outside of the Universe

Ibn Jawzi states, in As-Sifat, that God neither exists inside the world nor outside of it.^[5] To him, "being inside or outside are concomitant of things located in space" i.e. what is outside or inside must be in a place, and, according to him, this is not applicable to God.^[5] He writes:

Both [being in a place and outside a place] along with movement, rest, and other accidents are constitutive of bodies ... The divine essence does not admit of any created entity [e.g. place] within it or inhering in it.^[5]

Works

Ibn al-Jawzi is perhaps the most prolific author in Islamic history. Al-Dhahabi states: “I have not known anyone amongst the ‘ulama to have written as much as he (Ibn al-Jawzi) did.^[2] Recently, Professor Abdul Hameed al-Aloojee, an Iraqee scholar conducted research on the extent of ibn al Jawzi’s works and wrote a reference work in which he listed Ibn al Jawzees’s works alphabetically, identifying the publishers and libraries where his unpublished manuscripts could be found. The number of Ibn al-Jawzi’s books reached a staggering total of 376 texts.^[6] Somes even say that he is the author of more than 700 works.^[7]

• Al-Tahqiq (Arabic: التحقيق) mentioned above
• A Great Collection of Fabricated Traditions (Al-Mawdu'at al-Kubra) (Arabic: الموضوعات الكبرى)
• Al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Umam translates as: A categorical collection of the history of the nations (Arabic: المنتظم في تأريخ الأمم)
• Provision of the journey(Arabic: زاد المسير ) the second of his three works of exegesis on the Quran. The third in the series, entitled "al-Mughni fi al-Tafsir" (المغني في التفسير) is lost. The first has recently been published.

Quranic Sciences

• Al-Mughni fi al-Tafsir, 81 parts
• Zad al-Masir fi ‘Ilm al-Tafsir, 4 volumes
• Taysir al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran
• Tadhkirat al-Arib fi Tafsir al-Gharib
• Gharib al-Gharib
• Nuzhat al-‘Uyun al-Nawadhir fi al-Wujuh wa al-Nadha’ir
• Al-Wujuh wa al-Nawadhir fi al-Wujuh wa al-Nadha’ir, a summary of Nuzhat al-‘Uyun al-Nawadhir
• Al-Ishara ila al-Qira’at al-Mukhtara, 4 parts
• Tadhkirat al-Mutanabbih fi ‘Uyun al-Mushtabih
• Funun al-Afnan fi ‘Uyun ‘Ulum al-Quran
• Ward al-Aghsan fi Funun al-Afnan
• ‘Umdat al-Rasikh fi Ma’rifat al-Mansukh wa al-Nasikh, 5 parts
• Al-Musaffa bi Akuffi Ahl al-Rusukh min ‘Ilm al-Nasikh wal-Mansukh

Theology

• Muntaqad al-Mu’taqid
• Minhaj al-Wusul ila ‘Ilm al-Usul, 5 parts
• Bayan Ghaflat al-Qa’il bi Qidam Af’al al-‘Ibad
• Ghawamidh al-Ilahiyat
• Maslak al-‘Aql
• Minhaj Ahl al-Isaba
• Al-Sirr al-Masun
• Daf’ Shubhat al-Tashbih, 4 parts
• Al-Radd ‘Ala al-Muta’assib al-‘Anid
• Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat ^[8]

Traditions and Asceticism

Jami’ al-Asanid bi Alkhas al-Asanid Al-Hada’iq, 34 parts Naqiy al-Naql, 5 parts Al-Mujtab Al-Nuzha, 2 parts ‘Uyun al-Hikayat Multaqat al-Hikayat, 13 parts Irshad al-Muridin fi Hikayat al-Salaf al-Salihin Rawdhat al-Naqil Ghurar al-Athar, 30 parts Al-Tahqiq fi Ahadith al-Ta’liq, 2 volumes (ISBN 977-5704-48-0) Al-Madih, 7 parts Al-Mawdhu’at min al-Ahadith al-Marfu’at, 2 volumes Al-‘Ilal al-Mutanahiya fi al-Ahadith al-Wahiya, 2 volumes Ikhbar Ahl al-Rusukh fi al-Fiqh wal-Tahdith bi Miqdar al-Mansukh min al-Hadith (ISBN 977-14-2005-4) Al-Sahm al-Musib, 2 parts Akhyar al-Dhakha’ir, 3 parts Al-Fawa’id ‘an al-Shuyukh, 60 parts Manaqib Ashab al-Hadith Mawt al-Khidhr Mukhtasar Mawt al-Khidhr Al-Mashyikha Al-Musalsalat Al-Muhtasab fi al-Nasab Tuhfat al-Tullab, 3 parts Tanwir Mudlahim al-Sharaf

Al-Alqab Manaqab Ameer ul Mumineen ‘Umar b. al-Khattab Fadha’il ‘Umar b. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz Fadha’il Sa’id b. al-Musayyab Fadha’il al-Hasan al-Basri Manaqib al-Fudhayl b. ‘Ayadh, 4 parts Manaqib Bishr al-Hafi, 7 parts Manaqib Ibrahim b. Adham, 6 parts Manaqib Sufyan al-Thawri Manaqib Ahmad b. Hanbal Manaqib Ma’ruf al-Karkhi, 2 parts Manaqib Rabi’a al-‘Adawiyya Muthir al-‘Azm al-Sakin ila Ashraf al-Amakin (ISBN 977-5227-59-3) Safwat al-Safwa, 5 parts, abridgment of Hilyat al-Awliya’ by Abu Nu’aym Minhaj al-Qasidin, 4 parts Al-Mukhtar min Akhbar al-Akhyar Al-Qati’ li Muhal al-Lijaj bi Muhal al-Hallaj, a rebuttal against the supporters of al-Hallaj, the pantheist who was executed by the agreement of the jurists from four schools. ‘Ujalat al-Muntadhar li Sharh Hal al-Khidhr Al-Nisa’ wa ma yata’alluq bi adabihin ‘Ilm al-Hadith al-Manqul fi Anna Aba Bakr Amma al-Rasul Al-Jawhar Al-Mughlaq

History

• Talqih Fuhum Ahl al-Athar fi ‘Uyun al-Tawarikh wa al-Siyar
• Al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wal-Umam, 10 volumes
• Shudhur al-‘Uqud fi Tarikh al-‘Uhud
• Tara’if al-Dhara’if fi Tarikh al-Sawalif
• Manaqib Baghdad
• Al-Wafa bi Fadha’il al-Mustafa, biography of the Prophet, 2 volumes

Fiqh

• al-Insaf fi Masa’il al-Khilaf
• Junnat al-Nadhir wa Jannat al-Nadhar
• ‘Umad al-Dala’il fi Mushtahar al-Masa’il
• Al-Mudhab fi al-Madhab
• Masbuk al-Dhahab
• Al-Nubdha
• Al-‘Ibadat al-Khams
• Asbab al-Hidaya li Arbab al-Bidaya
• Kashf al-Dhulma ‘an al-Dhiya’ fi Radd Da’wa Ilkiya
• Radd al-Lawm al-Dhaym fi Sawm Yawm al-Ghaym

Art of Preaching (wa’dh)

• al-Yawaqit fi al-Khutab
• al-Muntakhab fi al-Nuwab
• Muntakhab al-Muntakhab
• Muntakhal al-Muntakhab
• Nasim al-Riyadh
• Al-Lu’lu’
• Kanz al-Mudhakkir
• Al-Azaj
• Al-Lata’if
• Kunuz al-Rumuz
• Al-Muqtabis
• Zayn al-Qisas
• Mawafiq al-Marafiq (ISBN 2-7451-3464-7)
• Shahid wa Mashhud
• Wasitat al-‘Uqud min Shahid wa Mashhud
• Al-Lahab, 2 parts
• Al-Mudhish
• Saba Najd
• Muhadathat al-‘Aql
• Laqt al-Juman
• Al-Muq’ad al-Muqim
• Iqadh al-Wasnan min al-Raqadat bi Ahwal al-Haywan wal-Nabat, 2 parts
• Nakt al-Majalis al-Badriyya, 2 parts
• Nuzhat al-Adib, 2 parts
• Muntaha al-Muntaha
• Tabsirat al-Mubtadi’, 20 parts
• Al-Yaquta, 2 parts (ISBN 977-5141-49-4)
• Tuhfat al-Wu’adh

Various sciences

Dham al-Hawa, 2 volumes Sayd al-Khatir, 65 parts Ihkam al-Ish’ar bi Ahkam al-Ash’ar, 20 parts Al-Qussas al-Mudhakkirin (Also available in English: A critical edition, annotated translation and introduction by Merlin L. Swartz ASIN: B0007KE23O) Taqwim al-Lisan Al-Adhkiya Al-Hamqa Talbis Iblis, 2 volumes (A small part of the book has been translated and abridged into English by Dr. Bilal Philips) Laqt al-Manafi’ fi al-Tibb, 2 volumes Al-Shayb al-Khidhab A’mar al-A’yan Al-Thabat ‘ind al-Mamat, 2 parts Tanwir al-Ghabash fi Fadhl al-Sud wal-Habash, 2 parts Al-Hath ‘ala Hifdh al-‘Ilm wa Dhikr Kibar al-Huffadh Ashraf al-Mawali, 2 parts I’lam al-Ahya bi Aghlat al-Ihya, a criticism of Ihya ‘Ulum al-Din by al-Ghazzali Tahrim al-Muhill al-Makruh Al-Misbah al-Mudhi’ li Dawlat al-Imam al-Mustadhi’ ‘Atf al-‘Ulama ‘ala al-Umara wal-Umara ‘ala al-‘Ulama Al-Nasr ‘Ala Misr Al-Majd al-‘Adhudi Al-Fajr al-Nuri Manaqib al-Sitr al-Rafi’ Ma Qultuhu min al-Ash’ar Al-Maqamat Min Rasa’ili Al-Tibb al-Ruhani Bayan al-Khata wal-Sawab fi Ahadith Ibn Shihab, 16 parts Al-Baz al-Ashhab al-Munqadh ‘ala man Khalafa al-Madhab, a treatise in Fiqh, and not another title of Daf’ Shubah al-Tashbih according to Ibn Rajab. Al-Nur fi Fadha’il al-Ayyam wal-Shuhur Taqrib al-Tariq al-Ab’ad fi Fadha’il Maqbarat Ahmad Manaqib al-Imam al-Shafi’i Al-‘Uzlah Al-Riyadha Minhaj al-Isaba fi Mahabat al-Sahaba

Funun al-Albab Al-Dhurafa wal-Mutamajinin Manaqib Abi Bakr Manaqib ‘Ali Fadha’il al-‘Arab Durrat al-Iklil fi al-Tarikh, 4 volumes Al-Amthal Al-Manfa’ah fi al-Madhahib al-Arba’ah, 2 volumes Al-Mukhtar min al-Ash’ar, 10 volumes Ru’us al-Qawarir, 2 volumes Al-Murtajal fi al-Wa’dh Dhakhirat al-Wa’idh, several volumes Al-Zajr al-Makhuf Al-Ins wal-Mahabba Al-Mutrib al-Mulhib Al-Zand al-Wariy fi al-Wa’dh al-Nasiriy, 2 parts Al-Fakhir fi Ayyam al-Imam al-Nasir Al-Majd al-Salahi Lughat al-Fiqh, 2 parts ‘Aqd al-Khanasir fi Dhamm al-Khalifat al-Nasir Dhamm ‘Abd al-Qadir, a censure of ‘Abd al-Qadir al-Jaylani Gharib al-Hadith Mulah al-Ahadith, 2 parts Al-Fusul al-Wa’dhiya ‘ala Huruf al-Mu’jam Salwat al-Ahzan, 10 volumes Al-Ma’shuq fil-Wa’dh Al-Majahlis al-Yusufiyya fil-Wa’dh Al-Wa’dh al-Maqbari Qiyam al-Layl, 3 parts Al-Muhadatha Al-Munaja Zahir al-Jawahir fil-Wa’dh, 4 parts Al-Nuhat al-Khawatim, 2 parts Al-Murtaqa li man Ittaqa Hawashi ‘ala Sihah al-Jawhari Mukhtasar Funun Ibn ‘Aqil, 10 odd volumes

See also

• Sibt ibn al-Jawzi
• Notable Hanbali Scholars
• List of Muslim historians
• Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat

Notes

1. ^ ^{a b} Robinson:2003:XV
2. ^ ^{a b c d} IslamicAwakening.Com: Ibn al-Jawzi: A Lifetime of Da'wah
3. ^ Ibn Al-Jawzi
4. ^ Ibn al-Jawzi: A Lifetime of Da'wah
5. ^ ^{a b c} Swartz, Merlin. A Medieval Critique of Anthropomorphism. Brill, 2001, p.159
6. ^ http://www.sunnahonline.com/ilm/seerah/0035.htm Ibn al-Jawzee
7. ^ IBN AL-JAWZI
8. ^ Swartz, Merlin. A Medieval Critque of Anthropomorphism. Brill, 2001

References

• Robinson, Chase F. (2003), Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521629365

External links

• The Attributes of God 'Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Jawzi trans. Abdullah bin Hamid 'Ali published by Amal Press
• The Most Comprehensive Biographical Note of Ibn al-Jawzi online
• Biography

Persondata
Name	Abu-Al-Faraj Ibn Al-Jawzi
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	508
Place of birth
Date of death	1201
Place of death